NGORONGORO CONSERVATION AREA …  A COMPLETE GUIDE FOR TOURISTS

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) is one of Tanzania’s most breathtaking natural wonders, offering an unparalleled safari experience. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this remarkable destination is home to the Ngorongoro Crater, the world’s largest intact volcanic caldera, and a haven for an incredible diversity of wildlife. Located in northern Tanzania, just west of Arusha, the conservation area is an essential stop on any Tanzania safari itinerary. This guide provides everything you need to know before visiting the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, from wildlife and activities to the best time to visit and accommodation options.

Why Visit the Ngorongoro Conservation Area?

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area is one of Africa’s most spectacular safari destinations, combining breathtaking landscapes, rich wildlife, and deep cultural heritage. Covering approximately 8,292 square kilometers, the area is a unique blend of highland forests, savannah plains, volcanic craters, and lakes.

What makes Ngorongoro truly special is its balance between wildlife conservation and human habitation. Unlike national parks, the conservation area allows the Maasai people to live and graze their livestock alongside wild animals, creating a fascinating cultural and ecological experience.

Best Time to Visit Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Ngorongoro Conservation Area is a year-round destination, but the best time to visit depends on wildlife movements and personal preferences.

• Dry Season (June to October): This is the best time for wildlife viewing, as animals gather around water sources, and the vegetation is less dense, making it easier to spot wildlife. The weather is also cooler and less rainy.
• Wet Season (November to May): This season is ideal for birdwatching, as migratory birds arrive, and the landscape turns lush and green. The calving season (January to March) in the Ndutu Plains is particularly spectacular, as thousands of wildebeest give birth, attracting predators.

Wildlife in Ngorongoro Conservation Area

The Ngorongoro Crater is often referred to as the “Eden of Africa” because of its extraordinary density of wildlife. It is home to an estimated 25,000 large animals, making it one of the best places in Tanzania for Big Five safaris.

The Big Five in Ngorongoro Crater

1. Lions – The crater has one of the highest densities of lions in Africa, with prides often seen lounging in the open plains.
2. Elephants – Large, old-tusked elephants roam the crater floor, offering incredible photographic opportunities.
3. Leopards – These elusive predators can sometimes be spotted in the dense forests on the crater rim.
4. Rhinos – The Ngorongoro Crater is one of the best places in Tanzania to see black rhinos, a critically endangered species.
5. Buffaloes – Large herds of buffalo are commonly seen grazing in the crater.

In addition to the Big Five, other notable species in Ngorongoro include:

• Wildebeest and Zebras – Large populations migrate through the area, particularly in the Ndutu Plains.
• Hyenas – These skilled scavengers are commonly seen in the crater, often outcompeting lions for food.
• Hippos – Found in permanent water sources such as the Ngoitokitok Springs.
• Cheetahs and Jackals – Occasionally spotted hunting in the open plains.

Birdwatching in Ngorongoro Conservation Area

The conservation area is a paradise for birdwatchers, with over 500 recorded species. The diverse habitats, from forests and wetlands to grasslands and crater lakes, support a wide variety of birds.

Some notable species include:

• Flamingos (found in Lake Magadi inside the crater)
• Kori bustards
• Secretary birds
• African fish eagles
• Ostriches
• Crowned cranes

The wet season (November to May) is particularly rewarding for birdwatching, as migratory birds from Europe and Asia join the resident species.

Activities in Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Visitors to Ngorongoro Conservation Area can engage in a variety of activities, ensuring an immersive safari experience.

1. Game Drives in the Ngorongoro Crater

A full-day game drive in the crater is the highlight of any visit. The crater floor is rich in wildlife, with excellent chances of seeing the Big Five in just one day. Game drives usually start early in the morning and last until late afternoon, offering spectacular sightings of predators, herbivores, and birdlife.

2. Walking Safaris

For those looking for a more adventurous experience, guided walking safaris are available around the crater rim and in the highland forests. These walks offer close encounters with nature and incredible panoramic views of the crater.

3. Cultural Visits to Maasai Villages

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area is home to the Maasai people, who have lived in harmony with wildlife for centuries. A visit to a traditional Maasai village offers insights into their way of life, customs, and unique traditions. Visitors can experience traditional dances, learn about Maasai beadwork, and see their distinctive red shukas (cloaks).

4. Olduvai Gorge – The Cradle of Mankind

For history and archaeology enthusiasts, a visit to Olduvai Gorge is a must. Often referred to as the “Cradle of Mankind,” this site is one of the most important paleoanthropological sites in the world. It is where Dr. Louis and Mary Leakey discovered some of the earliest human fossils, dating back over 1.8 million years.

5. Visit to Empakaai Crater

For a more off-the-beaten-path experience, the Empakaai Crater offers a stunning trek with breathtaking views of its emerald-green lake. This lesser-known crater is home to flamingos and offers fantastic hiking opportunities.

Accommodation Options in Ngorongoro Conservation Area

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area offers a variety of accommodation options, ranging from budget-friendly camps to luxury lodges with spectacular crater views.

• Luxury Lodges: These lodges provide top-tier comfort, gourmet dining, and exclusive safari experiences. Notable options include Ngorongoro Crater Lodge, The Highlands, and Lions Paw Camp.
• Mid-Range Tented Camps: Offering a balance of comfort and adventure, options such as Rhino Lodge and Ngorongoro Serena Safari Lodge are excellent choices.
• Budget Campsites: For budget-conscious travelers, public and private campsites are available near the crater rim.

How to Get to Ngorongoro Conservation Area

• By Road: The conservation area is approximately 3-4 hours’ drive from Arusha (180 km). The roads are well-maintained, and many travelers combine a visit with nearby parks like Serengeti and Tarangire.
• By Air: The nearest airstrip is Lake Manyara Airstrip, with domestic flights available from Arusha and Kilimanjaro International Airport.

Safari Combinations with Ngorongoro

Ngorongoro Conservation Area is part of Tanzania’s Northern Safari Circuit, making it easy to combine with:

• Serengeti National Park (3-hour drive) – Famous for the Great Migration.
• Lake Manyara National Park (1.5-hour drive) – Known for tree-climbing lions and flamingos.
• Tarangire National Park (2.5-hour drive) – Famous for large elephant herds and baobab trees.

Final Thoughts

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a world-class safari experience. With its diverse wildlife, breathtaking landscapes, and deep cultural heritage, it offers an unforgettable adventure. Whether you are drawn to the Big Five, the Maasai culture, or the stunning volcanic craters, Ngorongoro has something for every traveler.

At Unique Tanzania Voyages, we specialize in tailor-made safaris to Ngorongoro and beyond. Contact us today to start planning your dream Tanzania safari adventure.